A case of congenital supratentorial tumor: Atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor or primitive neuroectodermal tumor?

Two embryonal CNS tumors, atypical teratoid/rabdoid tumor (AT/RT) and primitive neuroectodermal tumor (PNET), may be confused with each other and misdiagnosed. Here we report an infant with a congenital supratentorial tumor, which was detected by fetal MRI at 37 weeks gestation. On routine histological examination, the tumor was composed mainly of small undifferentiated cells, among which many rhabdoid cells and occasional sickle‐shaped embracing cells were observed. No mesenchymal or epithelial areas were evident. Our impression was that the tumor was an atypical example of AT/RT. Immunohistochemically, almost all the tumor cells were strongly positive for vimentin. However, epithelial membrane antigen was notably negative, and most of the tumor cell nuclei were clearly positive for INI1. In addition, many tumor cells were positive for neurofilament protein. There were also occasional small areas containing many tumor cells positive for glial fibrillary acidic protein. Finally, a diagnosis of PNET, with a rhabdoid phenotype and expression of neuronal and glial markers, was made. In the present case, application of INI1 immunostaining was very helpful for distinguishing PNET from AT/RT.     

ENDOSCOPIC MUCOSAL RESECTION AND SUBMUCOSAL DISSECTION METHOD FOR LARGE COLORECTAL TUMORS

The goal of endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) is to allow the endoscopist to obtain tissue or resect lesions not previously amenable to standard biopsy or excisional techniques and to remove malignant lesions without open surgery. In this article, we describe the results of conventional EMR and EMR using an insulation‐tipped (IT) electrosurgical knife (submucosal dissection method) for large colorectal mucosal neoplasms and discuss the problems and future prospects of these procedures. At present, conventional EMR is much more feasible than EMR using IT‐knife from the perspectives of time, money, complication, and organ preservation. However, larger lesions tend to be resected in a piecemeal fashion; and it is difficult to confirm whether EMR has been complete. For accurate histopathological assessment of the resected specimen en bloc EMR is desirable although further experience is needed to establish its safety and efficacy. Further improvements of in EMR with special knife techniques are required to simply and safely remove large colorectal neoplasms.     

记忆合金网球与单纯减压植骨治疗股骨头坏死的对照研究

目的对比研究记忆合金网球植入与单纯减压植骨两种方法治疗成人股骨头缺血性坏死的疗效.方法成人股骨头缺血性坏死(FicatⅡ～Ⅲ期)45例,分别采用记忆合金网球植入和单纯减压植骨+股方肌骨瓣移植治疗,网球组23例26髋,减压植骨组22例26髋,分别观察两组病例的手术时间,术中出血量,术后髋关节的功能评分.结果网球组和减压植骨组的手术时间和出血量,分别为62.4±20.5 min、50.8±16.6 min(P＜0.05)和180.6±38.5 ml、169.9±45.8 ml(P＞0.05),术后所有病例经平均32个月随访,采用百分评分法评价,网球组的优良率为88.4%,减压植骨组的优良率为53.8%(P＜0.05).结论记忆合金网球植入能增加股骨头的机械支撑力,重建股骨头血运,延长股骨头的使用年限.     

sFGFR1基因的克隆与在RTS系统中的高效表达

目的：克隆sFGFRl(soluble fibroblast growth factors receptor-1)基因，并在RTS(rapid translation system)系统中高效表达相应蛋白．方法：培养Swiss rat 3T3 fibroblast细胞株，提取总RNA，用RT—PCR方法获取鼠sFGFR1 cDNA片段，酶切后克隆到pIVEX2．3d载体并进行序列分析；采用Roche RTS ProteinMaster500系统，高效表达sFGFR1蛋白并用Western Blot鉴定表达的蛋白．结果：克隆了sFGFR1基因，测序证实序列正确；Western Blot证实sFGFR1蛋白在RTS系统中高效表达．结论：克隆了sFGFR1基因并在RTS系统获得高效表达．     

不同性别飞行学员人格特征的比较

目的 :探讨男女飞行学员人格特征的差别 ,为选拔战斗机女飞行员提供心理选拔方法的参照 .方法 :女学员组为某飞行学院 2 2名女飞行学员 ,男学员组为同一飞行学院 4 3名男飞行学员 .采用卡特尔 16种个性因素测验 (16PF) ,应用DXC多项心理测评仪进行集体测试 .结果 :在 16PF的 2 4个分析项目中 ,情绪的稳定性 (C)、兴奋性 (F)、敢为性 (H)、怀疑性 (L)、紧张性 (Q4)、适应与焦虑、内向与外向等 7个因子分男学员和女学员有显著差异 (P <0 .0 5或P <0 .0 1) ,其中在稳定性、兴奋性、敢为性和外向性等 4个因素上 ,女学员的分数显著高于男学员 (P <0 .0 5或P <0 .0 1) ;而在怀疑性、紧张性、焦虑性等 3个因子分上则是男学员显著高于女学员(P <0 .0 5或P <0 .0 1) .结论 :女飞行学员的个性特点是情绪稳定 ,轻松兴奋 ,冒险敢为 ,适应环境 ,趋于外向 ,紧张困扰和焦虑较少 .本调查结果表明 ,女飞行学员的人格特征基本符合战斗机飞行员人格结构的要求     

少见和不典型椎管肿瘤的MRI诊断和误诊分析

目的：探讨少见和不典型椎管肿瘤MRI误诊原因，提高对该类疾病的认识。资料与方法：对16例少见和不典型椎管肿瘤进行回顾性手术病理对照分析。结果：8例实性神经鞘瘤，7例MRI误诊为脊膜瘤，1例误诊为室管膜瘤；2例神经母细胞瘤误诊为硬膜外淋巴瘤和脊膜瘤；2例海绵状血管瘤误诊为神经鞘瘤；3例血管畸形误诊为室管膜瘤、神经鞘瘤和硬膜外脓肿：1例血管球瘤误诊为硬膜外淋巴瘤。结论：在评价椎管肿瘤方面，MRI具有绝对优势，根据肿瘤的位置、信号强度和均匀度，再辅以对比剂的恰当应用，不仅对典型的肿瘤能做出正确诊断，对不典型的和少见的椎管肿瘤也可提供更多可靠的信息。     

Long-term survival after removal of a malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor originating in the anterior mediastinum

Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNSTs; malignant schwannomas) rarely occur in the anterior mediastinum, and their prognosis is poor. A 75-year-old man was referred to our hospital for examination of an anterior mediastinal tumor. A computed tomography-guided percutaneous needle biopsy revealed only fibrosis. The tumor was completely excised via a median sternotomy with partial resection of the pericardium and right upper lobe of the lung. Thereafter, the tumor was diagnosed as a storiform-pleomorphic type of malignant fibrous histiocytoma. At 1 year after the surgery, a distant metastasis was found in the interlobular space between the right middle and lower lobes. The tumor was completely excised via a right posterolateral thoracotomy. Reexamination of the primary and secondary tumors revealed an MPNST. No recurrence was found up to 5 years after the second surgery without adjuvant chemotherapy or radiation therapy. However, he died from multiple lung metastases after 6 years.     

Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor: An Unusual Cause of Intussusception

Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNST) are defined as any tumor arising from a peripheral nerve or showing nerve sheath differentiation. The majority of these tumors arise on the trunk, extremities, or head and neck region. The literature to date has fewer than 14 cases of MPNST arising in the gastrointestinal tract, and only two cases were ever reported in the small intestine, one of which was a recurrent disease. In this paper, we report the first US case of an MPNST arising in the small intestine and presenting as intussusception.     

ApoE-/-小鼠肾动脉粥样硬化斑块破裂的肾损害

目的 探讨ApoE^-/-小鼠肾动脉粥样硬化斑块破裂对下游肾脏的损伤机制。 方法 采用ApoE^-/-小鼠建立粥样硬化性肾动脉狭窄(ARAS)动物模型。选择肾动脉狭窄程度 <50％的ApoE^-/-小鼠，按斑块分为破裂组和未破裂组；选择同条件喂养的C57BL/6J 野生型小鼠为对照组。常规检测Scr及尿 N-乙酰-β-氨基葡萄糖苷酶(NAG)活性；Western印迹检测细胞核中核转录因子κBp65（NF-κBp65）、细胞间黏附分子1（ICAM-1）及P-选择素（P-sel）表达； RT-PCR检测白细胞介素6 （IL-6）mRNA表达；免疫组化染色检测巨噬细胞浸润情况。 结果破裂组Scr和尿NAG活性明显升高（均P < 0.01）；肾组织出现病理改变，肾间质中巨噬细胞浸润增加（P < 0.05）；细胞核中NF-κBp65表达增加（P < 0.05）；ICAM-1、P-sel、IL-6 mRNA表达增加（P < 0.05）。未破裂组上述指标与对照组比较，差异无统计学意义（P > 0.05）；肾脏未见明显病理改变。 结论 肾动脉粥样硬化斑块破裂可引起肾脏病理改变和肾功能受损；在粥样硬化性肾动脉狭窄的肾损害机制中，炎性反应是重要因素之一。     

Anti-inflammatory effects of hydroalcoholic extract and two biflavonoids from Garcinia gardneriana leaves in mouse paw oedema

Garcinia gardneriana (Planch. & Triana) Zappi (Clusiaceae) is widely distributed in Brazil and used in folk medicine to treat inflammation, pain, and urinary tract and other infections. However, very few studies have analyzed these therapeutic effects. In this study, the anti-inflammatory effects of the hydroalcoholic extracts from Garcinia gardneriana (HEGG) and some of its isolated biflavonoids were evaluated. The results showed that HEGG from the leaves, bark and seeds reduced carrageenan-induced mouse paw inflammation, in addition to diminishing the myeloperoxidase activity in the stimulated tissues. The reduction of neutrophil infiltration by treatment with the HEGG from leaves was confirmed by histology. The leaf extract also reduced the paw oedema evoked by bradykinin, histamine, prostaglandin E2 and 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol acetate. However, it partially decreased substance P and compound 48/80-caused paw oedema, without any influence on the arachidonic acid-induced oedema. Both of the isolated compounds, fukugetin and GB-2a, prevented the carrageenan-induced paw oedema. In conclusion, this study showed important anti-inflammatory effects of HEGG through its interaction with different intracellular signaling pathways, without interfering with the formation of arachidonic acid (AA) metabolites. These characteristics, in addition to the wide distribution and culturing ease of the plant, confirm its popular use and highlight its promise in the development of new anti-inflammatory drugs.